Фітонематоди як обмежуючий біотичний чинник аграрного виробництва у світі (огляд)

Автор(и)

  • К. А. Калатур Інститут біоенергетичних культур і цукрових буряків НААН України, Україна
  • Л. А. Янсе Інститут захисту рослин НААН України, Україна

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47414/np.29.2021.244423

Ключові слова:

фітопаразитичні нематоди, сільськогосподарські культури, втрати врожаю, захист рослин

Анотація

Мета. Проаналізувати вітчизняні й зарубіжні наукові джерела щодо видового складу та шкідливості найбільш небезпечних у світі паразитичних видів фітонематод у посівах сільськогосподарських культур.

Результати. На сьогодні за існуючими літературними даними до найбільш небезпечних видів фітонематод належать: галові (Meloidogyne spp.) і цистоутворювальні (Heterodera spp. та Globodera spp.) нематоди; пратиленхи (Pratylenchus spp.); бананова свердлова Radoholus similis, стеблова Ditylenchus dipsaci та соснова стовбурова Bursaphelenchus xylophilus нематоди; ротиленхулус ниркоподібний Rotylenchulus reniformis; ксифінема індекс Xiphinema index; несправжня галова нематода Nacobbus aberrans та рисовий афеленх Aphelenchoides besseyi.

Висновки. Результати досліджень з поширеності та шкідливості паразитичних видів нематод у посівах сільськогосподарських культур переконують нас у необхідності більш детального вивчення цієї групи мікроорганізмів. Завдяки швидкому розвитку в останнє десятиліття молекулярно-генетичних методів науковці змогли розширити та удосконалити свої знання з ідентифікації видів, рас та патотипів фітонематод, їхніх біологічних та екологічних особливостей, а головне – розкрити та зрозуміти надзвичайно складні механізми взаємодії паразитів та рослини-господаря. Нематологи упевнені, що подальші дослідження у цих та інших напрямках дозволять в майбутньому створити основу для розробки нової стратегії тривалого та екологічно безпечного контролю над цими небезпечними рослинними паразитами.

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2021-12-28

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Калатур, К. А., & Янсе, Л. А. (2021). Фітонематоди як обмежуючий біотичний чинник аграрного виробництва у світі (огляд). Наукові праці Інституту біоенергетичних культур і цукрових буряків, (29), 13–46. https://doi.org/10.47414/np.29.2021.244423

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